Civil War wet plate photos - when Americans killed Americans
#1
10-11-2009, 07:17 PM
Civil War wet plate photos - when Americans killed Americans
The American Civil War (1861–1865), eleven Southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America (the Confederacy). Led by Jefferson Davis, they fought against the United States (the Union), which was supported by all the free states and the five border slave states. Union states were referred to as "the North".
In the presidential election of 1860, the Republican Party, led by Abraham Lincoln, had campaigned against the expansion of slavery beyond the states in which it already existed. The Republican victory in that election resulted in seven Southern states declaring their secession from the Union even before Lincoln took office on March 4, 1861. Both the outgoing and incoming US administrations rejected the legality of secession, considering it rebellion.
Hostilities began on April 12, 1861, when Confederate forces attacked a US military installation at Fort Sumter in South Carolina. Lincoln responded by calling for a volunteer army from each state, leading to declarations of secession by four more Southern slave states. Both sides raised armies as the Union assumed control of the border states early in the war and established a naval blockade. In September 1862, Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation made ending slavery in the South a war goal, and dissuaded the British from intervening.
Confederate commander Robert E. Lee won battles in the east, but in 1863 his northward advance was turned back after the Battle of Gettysburg and, in the west, the Union gained control of the Mississippi River at the Battle of Vicksburg, thereby splitting the Confederacy. Long-term Union advantages in men and material were realized in 1864 when Ulysses S. Grant fought battles of attrition against Lee, while Union general William Sherman captured Atlanta, Georgia, and marched to the sea. Confederate resistance collapsed after Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865.
The American Civil War was the deadliest war in American history, resulting in the deaths of 650,000 soldiers and an undetermined number of civilian casualties which could easily bring the total to near 3/4 million deaths.
Thousands of Civil War wet plate photos were made during the war on glass plate. These were popular during the war, they lost their appeal afterward. Many were sold for the glass, many were used as glass in green houses. Over the years the sun caused the images to disappear. Being around 150 years old, these photos to follow survive.
Charleston Fort, 1st explosion ever photographed
Tredegar Iron Works, Richmond VA
In the presidential election of 1860, the Republican Party, led by Abraham Lincoln, had campaigned against the expansion of slavery beyond the states in which it already existed. The Republican victory in that election resulted in seven Southern states declaring their secession from the Union even before Lincoln took office on March 4, 1861. Both the outgoing and incoming US administrations rejected the legality of secession, considering it rebellion.
Hostilities began on April 12, 1861, when Confederate forces attacked a US military installation at Fort Sumter in South Carolina. Lincoln responded by calling for a volunteer army from each state, leading to declarations of secession by four more Southern slave states. Both sides raised armies as the Union assumed control of the border states early in the war and established a naval blockade. In September 1862, Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation made ending slavery in the South a war goal, and dissuaded the British from intervening.
Confederate commander Robert E. Lee won battles in the east, but in 1863 his northward advance was turned back after the Battle of Gettysburg and, in the west, the Union gained control of the Mississippi River at the Battle of Vicksburg, thereby splitting the Confederacy. Long-term Union advantages in men and material were realized in 1864 when Ulysses S. Grant fought battles of attrition against Lee, while Union general William Sherman captured Atlanta, Georgia, and marched to the sea. Confederate resistance collapsed after Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865.
The American Civil War was the deadliest war in American history, resulting in the deaths of 650,000 soldiers and an undetermined number of civilian casualties which could easily bring the total to near 3/4 million deaths.
Thousands of Civil War wet plate photos were made during the war on glass plate. These were popular during the war, they lost their appeal afterward. Many were sold for the glass, many were used as glass in green houses. Over the years the sun caused the images to disappear. Being around 150 years old, these photos to follow survive.
Charleston Fort, 1st explosion ever photographed
Tredegar Iron Works, Richmond VA
Last edited by stomper; 10-11-2009 at 11:02 PM.
#2
10-11-2009, 07:24 PM
The assassination of Abraham Lincoln, took place on Good Friday, April 14, 1865, when President Abraham Lincoln was shot while attending a performance of Our American Cousin at Ford's Theatre with his wife and two guests.
Lincoln's assassin, John Wilkes Booth, had also plotted with fellow conspirators to kill William H. Seward (then Secretary of State) and Vice President Andrew Johnson respectively. They hoped to create chaos and overthrow the Federal government by assassinating Lincoln, Seward, and Johnson.
Although Booth succeeded in killing Lincoln, the larger plot failed. Seward was attacked, but recovered from his wounds, and Johnson's would-be assassin fled Washington, D.C. upon losing his nerve.
Convicted conspirators, George Atzerodt, Mary Surratt, Lewis Powell and David Herold, were hanged in Washington, D.C. in the Old Arsenal Penitentiary, on July 7, 1865. Of the four, Atzerodt was the quickest to die, the noose snapping his neck, while the other three jerked and kicked for several minutes.
In the turmoil that followed the assassination, scores of suspected accomplices were arrested and thrown into prison. All the people who were discovered to have had anything to do with the assassination or anyone with the slightest contact with Booth or Herold on their flight were put behind bars.
Among the imprisoned were Louis J. Weichmann, a boarder in Mrs. Surratt's house; Booth's brother Junius (playing in Cincinnati at the time of the assassination); theatre owner John T. Ford, who was incarcerated for 40 days; James Pumphrey, the Washington livery stable owner from whom Booth hired his horse; John M. Lloyd, the innkeeper who rented Mrs. Surratt's Maryland tavern and gave Booth and Herold carbines, rope, and whiskey the night of April 14; and Samuel *** and Thomas A. Jones, who helped Booth and Herold escape across the Potomac.
All of those listed above and more were rounded up, imprisoned, and released.
Ultimately, the suspects were narrowed down to just eight prisoners, seven men and one woman: Samuel Arnold, George Atzerodt, David Herold, Samuel Mudd, Michael O'Laughlen, Lewis Powell, Edmund Spangler, and Mary Surratt.
The eight suspects were tried by a military tribunal. The transcript of the trial was recorded by Benn Pitman and several assistants, and was published in 1865.
Ford Theater
Presidential Box, Ford Theater
Conspirators
Conspirators
Lincoln's assassin, John Wilkes Booth, had also plotted with fellow conspirators to kill William H. Seward (then Secretary of State) and Vice President Andrew Johnson respectively. They hoped to create chaos and overthrow the Federal government by assassinating Lincoln, Seward, and Johnson.
Although Booth succeeded in killing Lincoln, the larger plot failed. Seward was attacked, but recovered from his wounds, and Johnson's would-be assassin fled Washington, D.C. upon losing his nerve.
Convicted conspirators, George Atzerodt, Mary Surratt, Lewis Powell and David Herold, were hanged in Washington, D.C. in the Old Arsenal Penitentiary, on July 7, 1865. Of the four, Atzerodt was the quickest to die, the noose snapping his neck, while the other three jerked and kicked for several minutes.
In the turmoil that followed the assassination, scores of suspected accomplices were arrested and thrown into prison. All the people who were discovered to have had anything to do with the assassination or anyone with the slightest contact with Booth or Herold on their flight were put behind bars.
Among the imprisoned were Louis J. Weichmann, a boarder in Mrs. Surratt's house; Booth's brother Junius (playing in Cincinnati at the time of the assassination); theatre owner John T. Ford, who was incarcerated for 40 days; James Pumphrey, the Washington livery stable owner from whom Booth hired his horse; John M. Lloyd, the innkeeper who rented Mrs. Surratt's Maryland tavern and gave Booth and Herold carbines, rope, and whiskey the night of April 14; and Samuel *** and Thomas A. Jones, who helped Booth and Herold escape across the Potomac.
All of those listed above and more were rounded up, imprisoned, and released.
Ultimately, the suspects were narrowed down to just eight prisoners, seven men and one woman: Samuel Arnold, George Atzerodt, David Herold, Samuel Mudd, Michael O'Laughlen, Lewis Powell, Edmund Spangler, and Mary Surratt.
The eight suspects were tried by a military tribunal. The transcript of the trial was recorded by Benn Pitman and several assistants, and was published in 1865.
Ford Theater
Presidential Box, Ford Theater
Conspirators
Conspirators
Last edited by stomper; 10-11-2009 at 07:56 PM.
#3
10-11-2009, 07:37 PM
John Wilkes Booth (May 10, 1838 – April 26, 1865) assassinated President Abraham Lincoln at Ford's Theatre, in Washington, D.C., on April 14, 1865.
Booth was a member of the prominent 19th century Booth theatrical family from Maryland and, by the 1860s, was a popular actor, well known in both the Northern United States and the South.
The conspirators planned to kill Lincoln, Vice President Andrew Johnson, and Secretary of State William Seward in a bid to help the Confederacy's cause. Although Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia had surrendered four days earlier, Booth believed the war was not yet over because Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston's army was still fighting the Union Army.
Of all the conspirators, only Booth was completely successful in carrying out his part of the plot. Lincoln died the next morning from a single gunshot wound to the back of the head – altering the course of American history in the aftermath of the Civil War.
Following the shooting, Booth fled on horseback to southern Maryland. He eventually made his way to a farm in rural northern Virginia where he was located and killed by Union soldiers 12 days later. Eight conspirators were tried and convicted, four were hanged thereafter.
Mary Elizabeth Jenkins Surratt (May/June 1823 – July 7, 1865) was convicted of conspiracy to assassinate Abraham Lincoln and sentenced to death. She was the first woman executed by the United States federal government. She was hanged. She was the mother of John Surratt, also alleged to have been involved in the conspiracy.
George Andreas Atzerodt (June 12, 1835 – July 7, 1865) was a conspirator, in the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. He was executed along with the other co-conspirators by hanging.
Lewis Thornton Powell (April 22, 1844 – July 7, 1865), also known as Lewis Paine or Payne, attempted unsuccessfully to assassinate United States Secretary of State William H. Seward, and was hanged for the Lincoln assassination conspiracy.
David Edgar Herold (June 16, 1842 – July 7, 1865) conspired to assassinate Abraham Lincoln. He lead co-conspirator Lewis Powell to the home of Secretary of State William H. Seward, whom Powell intended to kill. Herold also assisted Booth to the home of Dr. Samuel Mudd, after Booth had broken his leg, and remained with him until the authorities found them together. Booth was shot and killed, Herold was apprehended. Herold was tried and sentenced to death by hanging.
.
Booth was a member of the prominent 19th century Booth theatrical family from Maryland and, by the 1860s, was a popular actor, well known in both the Northern United States and the South.
The conspirators planned to kill Lincoln, Vice President Andrew Johnson, and Secretary of State William Seward in a bid to help the Confederacy's cause. Although Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia had surrendered four days earlier, Booth believed the war was not yet over because Confederate General Joseph E. Johnston's army was still fighting the Union Army.
Of all the conspirators, only Booth was completely successful in carrying out his part of the plot. Lincoln died the next morning from a single gunshot wound to the back of the head – altering the course of American history in the aftermath of the Civil War.
Following the shooting, Booth fled on horseback to southern Maryland. He eventually made his way to a farm in rural northern Virginia where he was located and killed by Union soldiers 12 days later. Eight conspirators were tried and convicted, four were hanged thereafter.
Mary Elizabeth Jenkins Surratt (May/June 1823 – July 7, 1865) was convicted of conspiracy to assassinate Abraham Lincoln and sentenced to death. She was the first woman executed by the United States federal government. She was hanged. She was the mother of John Surratt, also alleged to have been involved in the conspiracy.
George Andreas Atzerodt (June 12, 1835 – July 7, 1865) was a conspirator, in the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. He was executed along with the other co-conspirators by hanging.
Lewis Thornton Powell (April 22, 1844 – July 7, 1865), also known as Lewis Paine or Payne, attempted unsuccessfully to assassinate United States Secretary of State William H. Seward, and was hanged for the Lincoln assassination conspiracy.
David Edgar Herold (June 16, 1842 – July 7, 1865) conspired to assassinate Abraham Lincoln. He lead co-conspirator Lewis Powell to the home of Secretary of State William H. Seward, whom Powell intended to kill. Herold also assisted Booth to the home of Dr. Samuel Mudd, after Booth had broken his leg, and remained with him until the authorities found them together. Booth was shot and killed, Herold was apprehended. Herold was tried and sentenced to death by hanging.
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Last edited by stomper; 10-11-2009 at 11:07 PM.
#4
10-11-2009, 08:00 PM
Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was the 16th President of the United States, serving from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865.
Doctor Charles Leale, initially assessed Lincoln's wound as mortal. The President was taken across the street from the theater to the Petersen House, where he lay in a coma for nine hours before dying.
Lincoln's First Inauguration - Capitol under construction.
President's Funeral Train
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Doctor Charles Leale, initially assessed Lincoln's wound as mortal. The President was taken across the street from the theater to the Petersen House, where he lay in a coma for nine hours before dying.
Lincoln's First Inauguration - Capitol under construction.
President's Funeral Train
.
Last edited by stomper; 10-11-2009 at 11:23 PM.
#6
10-11-2009, 11:30 PM
Confederate forces knew that the Union troops were watching them from balloons in Alexandria. In order to fool the enemy that they were heavier fortified than they really were, they used "Quaker Guns" which were chopped down tree trunks, and painted them black and pretended they were cannons.
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